Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory



The potential application of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) to energy production has been pursued by the community, including LLNL, since the recognition that it might be possible to achieve high gain ICF in the laboratory. Over the decades, LLNL has contributed to multiple IFE studies, with significant efforts, including the High Average Power Laser (HAPL) program, in the 1990’s and 2000’s for both laser and heavy ion driven concepts.

A substantive recent effort was the Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (LIFE) study, which aimed to develop an accelerated path towards commercialization of IFE in anticipation of ignition (breakeven) on the National Ignition Facility (NIF). As a relatively recent effort (~2008 to ~2014) that studied, preliminarily developed, and integrated many aspects of what might be required to achieve IFE, the results from LIFE can provide one viewpoint and help inform the IFE community as we work to develop an appropriate path forward.

This web page provides a list of references for potential follow up.



First Author Year All Authors Platforms Discovery Journal Name
A. J. Bayramian., et al.,“A Laser Technology Test Facility for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (LIFE)” ., Journal of Physics Conference Series (Online),244 3 (2009)2009“A Laser Technology Test Facility for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (LIFE)” Journal of Physics Conference Series (Online)here
A. Bayramian., et al.,Compact, Efficient Laser Systems Required for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy., Fusion Sci. Technol.,60 (2011)2011Compact, Efficient Laser Systems Required for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy[Bayramian, A.; Aceves, S.; Anklam, T.; Baker, K.; Bliss, E.; Boley, C.; Bullington, A.; Caird, J.; Chen, D.; Deri, R.; Dunne, M.; Erlandson, A.; Flowers, D.; Henesian, M.; Latkowski, J.; Manes, K.; Molander, W.; Moses, E.; Piggott, T.; Powers, S.; Rana, S.; Rodriguez, S.; Sawicki, R.; Schaffers, K.; Seppala, L.; Spaeth, M.; Sutton, S.; Telford, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USAFusion Sci. Technol.here
A. Bayramian., et al.,"Compact, efficient, low-cost diode power conditioning for laser inertial fusion energy"., Proc. SPIE 7916, High Power Lasers for Fusion Research,7916 79160B (2011)2011"Compact, efficient, low-cost diode power conditioning for laser inertial fusion energy"Proc. SPIE 7916, High Power Lasers for Fusion Researchhere
A. Bayramian., et al.,"A Compact Line Replaceable Unit Laser Driver for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy"., in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2012, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, (2012)2012"A Compact Line Replaceable Unit Laser Driver for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy"in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2012, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Grouphere
J. Caird., et al.,Nd:Glass Laser Design for Laser ICF Fission Energy (LIFE)., Fusion Sci. Technol.,56 (2009)2009Nd:Glass Laser Design for Laser ICF Fission Energy (LIFE)[Caird, John; Bayramian, Andy; Beach, Ray; Britten, Jerry; Chen, Diana; Cross, Robert; Ebbers, Christopher; Erlandson, Alvin; Feit, Michael; Freitas, Barry; Haefner, Constantin; Homoelle, Doug; Ladran, Tony; Latkowski, Jeff; Molander, William; Murray, John; Rubenchik, Sasha; Schaffers, Kathleen; Siders, Craig; Stappaerts, Eddy; Sutton, Steve; Telford, Steve; Trenholme, John; Barty, Christopher] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA; [Agrawal, Vivek] Coherent Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA; [Ghosh, Chuni] Princeton Optron, Mercerville, NJ 08619 USAFusion Sci. Technol.here
A. C. Erlandson., et al.,Comparison of Nd:phosphate glass, Yb:YAG and Yb:S-FAP laser beamlines for laser inertial fusion energy (LIFE) [Invited]., Opt. Mater. Express,1 (2011)2011Comparison of Nd:phosphate glass, Yb:YAG and Yb:S-FAP laser beamlines for laser inertial fusion energy (LIFE) [Invited][Erlandson, A. C.; Aceves, S. M.; Bayramian, A. J.; Bullington, A. L.; Beach, R. J.; Boley, C. D.; Caird, J. A.; Deri, R. J.; Dunne, A. M.; Flowers, D. L.; Henesian, M. A.; Manes, K. R.; Moses, E. I.; Rana, S. I.; Schaffers, K. I.; Spaeth, M. L.; Stolz, C. J.; Telford, S. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USAOpt. Mater. Expresshere
R. Deri., et al.,The LIFE Laser Design in Context: A Comparison to the State-of-the-Art., LLNL Technical Report, LLNL-TR-477795 (2011)2011The LIFE Laser Design in Context: A Comparison to the State-of-the-ArtLLNL Technical Reporthere